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Ubuntu usb linux boot

Ubuntu Documentation

Outline

The general procedure to install Ubuntu (or Ubuntu flavour, Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, . ) from a USB flash drive is:

Get the correct Ubuntu installation file, ‘the iso file’, via this link or Ubuntu flavour via this link. Download the iso file into your running computer (for example into the directory Downloads in the internal drive, not into the USB flash drive that you want to make into a USB boot drive).

Check with md5sum (or another checksum tool) that the download was good.

  • Put Ubuntu onto your USB flash drive alias ‘stick’ alias ‘pendrive’ alias ‘thumb’. Tools for this purpose are described in this help page.
  • Configure your computer to boot from USB flash drive and boot from it.

    Try Ubuntu (Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, . ) before installing it.

  • Install Ubuntu to your internal drive (hard disk drive or solid state drive or external drive).

    • See also: Installation/FromUSBStickQuick for beginners starting from Windows.

    Introduction

    Ubuntu can be installed from a USB flash drive. This may be necessary for most new portable computers without DVD drives and is handy for others because a USB flash drive is so convenient. Also, you can configure Ubuntu on the USB flash drive to save changes you make, unlike a read-only CD/DVD disk.

    Booting from a USB flash drive created with usb-creator alias Startup Disk Creator and mkusb will behave just as if you had booted from the install CD. It will show the language selection and then the install menu, from which you can install Ubuntu onto the computer’s hard drive or launch the LiveCD environment. Other utilities, e.g. UNetbootin, may create slightly different boot drives or if on UEFI might not work at all with Debian iso files due to a bug

    Note: This article uses the term «USB flash drive» alongside USB stick, USB drive, USB device, USB pendrive and thumb drive.

    Prerequisites

    To create a USB installation device, you will need:

    a 4 GB USB flash device/drive/stick. If the iso file is smaller than 2 GB, it is possible to use a 2 GB USB device, at least with some of the methods. Files on this USB device will be erased, so backup the files you want to keep before making the device bootable. Some of the tools require that this USB device is properly formatted and mounted while other tools will overwrite whatever is on the target device. Please follow the instructions for each tool.

    an Ubuntu flavour ISO file downloaded from an official web page, ubuntu.com/download or http://releases.ubuntu.com, stored in your running computer (for example in the directory Downloads in the internal drive, not in the USB flash drive that you want to make into a USB boot drive).

    Check with md5sum (or another checksum tool) that the download was good. In Linux there is the tool ‘md5sum’. In Windows you can do it with Rufus: click on the circle with a tick mark (more about Rufus here.)

    Dummy headlines

    After a major remake of this help page the following headlines are kept here because they may be linked to from other web sites. Several other headlines further down in the page are also kept for this reason.

    Notes about speed

    Notes about size

    Notes about bootability

    The flash hardware

    There is a detailed description at the sub-page /pre

    Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive from Windows

    There are various methods available for Windows to create a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive.

    NEVER try to use one of your hard disk drives or partitions in this process unless you really know what you are doing, as data will get erased.

    Rufus

    Rufus is the tool in Windows that is recommended officially by Ubuntu. A tutorial is available from here.

    balenaEtcher

    Pendrivelinux’s Universal USB Installer

    UNetbootin

    Win32 Disk Imager

    There is a detailed description at /fromWindows including Rufus, balena Etcher, Universal USB Installer, Unetbootin and Win32 Disk Imager.

    Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive from Ubuntu

    Install and run Startup Disk Creator alias usb-creator

    The Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator is dedicated to creating USB boot drives for Ubuntu and Ubuntu family flavours (Kubuntu, Lubuntu . Xubuntu).

  • Use another tool (e.g. ‘UNetbootin’ or ‘mkusb’), if you want to create a USB boot drive with another Linux distro (alias Linux operating system).

    • You can find usb-creator-gtk by typing «Startup Disk Creator» (Ubuntu Desktop) or usb-creator-kde in K-Menu—>Applications—>System—>Startup Disk Creator (Kubuntu). If it is not there, then you can install it using the Ubuntu Software Center.

    • Insert and mount the USB drive. Inserting the USB drive should auto-mount it.
    • Start the Startup Disk Creator
    • In the top pane of the Startup Disk Creator, pick the .iso file that you downloaded.
    • If the .iso file isn’t listed, click «Other» to locate and select the .iso file that you downloaded.
    • In the bottom pane of the Startup Disk Creator, pick the target device, the USB flash drive. If more than one choice, please check carefully, until you are sure that you will be writing to the correct device.
    • After checking that you are pointing to the correct target device, the USB flash drive, you can start the action.

    You must enter a password because this is a risky operation. Use the password of the current user ID (the same as for login and running tasks with 'sudo'. Password is not required when installing from a ‘live’ system (booted from a DVD disk or another USB flash drive).

    The Startup Disk Creator clones the iso file, which means that you need neither erase nor format the target drive. It will be completely overwritten anyway by the cloning process. The Startup Disk Creator looks like this in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS:

    Notes

    NEVER try to use one of your hard disk drives or SSDs or partitions in this process unless you really know what you are doing, as data will get erased.

    There are bugs that affect the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator, when you run it in old Ubuntu versions in BIOS mode and try to create USB boot drives with other versions. In the Ubuntu Startup Disk Creator version 0.3.2 in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, these bugs are no longer a problem, so you can install any version of the Ubuntu flavours from 16.04 LTS and newer versions.

    UNetbootin

    Download UNetbootin

  • UNetbootin works in and with most Linux distros.
  • It is an extracting tool (not a cloning tool).
  • It can make a persistence file up to 4GB in size to save data and defaults.

    • mkusb — dd image of iso file to USB device safely

    If you want to clone from a general image file to a drive, you can use mkusb. It lets you clone to any drive that is not busy, also an internal drive, and there are very obvious warnings to prevent mistakes.

  • mkusb can also
    • run in Debian and many linux distros that are similar to Ubuntu and Debian,
    • clone from iso files of most Linux distros to create USB boot drives,
    • create persistent live drives of the Ubuntu family and Debian, using all available drive space for persistence and/or data storage,
    • restore a USB boot drive to a standard storage device.

    • There is a detailed description at /fromUbuntu including the Startup Disk Creator, UNetbootin and mkusb.

    Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB flash drive from Mac OSX

    There is a good wiki page about booting with UEFI, and a good tutorial thread, UEFI Installing — Tips.

    Test if running in UEFI mode

    You may want to test if your Ubuntu flavour is running in [U]EFI mode. An installed system and a live system too is using the directory /sys/firmware/efi, so you can run the following command line,

    The following command line is more robust and also easier to understand, so you may prefer it (if you copy & paste and are not bothered by typing a long command line),

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    Ubuntu usb linux boot

    With a bootable Ubuntu USB stick, you can:

    Creating a bootable Ubuntu USB stick is very simple, especially from Ubuntu itself, and we’re going to cover the process in the next few steps.

    Alternatively, we also have tutorials to help you create a bootable USB stick from both Microsoft Windows and Apple macOS.

    2. Requirements

    3. Launch Startup Disk Creator

    We’re going to use an application called ‘Startup Disk Creator’ to write the ISO image to your USB stick. This is installed by default on Ubuntu, and can be launched as follows:

    1. Insert your USB stick (select ‘Do nothing’ if prompted by Ubuntu)
    2. On Ubuntu 18.04 and later, use the bottom left icon to open ‘Show Applications’
    3. In older versions of Ubuntu, use the top left icon to open the dash
    4. Use the search field to look for Startup Disk Creator
    5. Select Startup Disk Creator from the results to launch the application

    4. ISO and USB selection

    When launched, Startup Disk Creator will look for the ISO files in your Downloads folder, as well as any attached USB storage it can write to.

    It’s likely that both your Ubuntu ISO and the correct USB device will have been detected and set as ‘Source disc image’ and ‘Disk to use’ in the application window. If not, use the ‘Other’ button to locate your ISO file and select the exact USB device you want to use from the list of devices.

    Click Make Startup Disk to start the process.

    5. Confirm USB device

    Before making any permanent changes, you will be asked to confirm the USB device you’ve chosen is correct. This is important because any data currently stored on this device will be destroyed.

    After confirming, the write process will start and a progress bar appears.

    6. Installation complete

    That’s it! You now have Ubuntu on a USB stick, bootable and ready to go.

    If you want to install Ubuntu, take a look at our install Ubuntu desktop tutorial.

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